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犯罪理论essay代写 The theories of crime try to explain why people are inclined to commit crime regardless of the rules and laws that guide their conduct
Theories of Crime
The theories of crime try to explain why people are inclined to commit crime regardless of the rules and laws that guide their conduct (“Criminal Psychology,” n.d.). These theories also try to explain how these tendencies can be handled and prevented.
In criminology, theories have continued to emerge over the years of studies, and they are explored in isolation or in combination to see how to reduce crimes. There are many theories of crime, but for this paper, the following major theories will be explored, which include; rational choice theory, psychological theory, ecological theory, social learning theory, strain theory, and social control theory.
The rational choice theory explains how people tend to be more inclined to act on their self-interests which may lead them to commit a crime after weighing options of being caught against the gains (Loughran, Paternoster, Chalfin & Wilson, 2016).
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犯罪理论 犯罪理论essay代写
犯罪理论试图解释为什么人们倾向于犯罪而不管指导他们行为的规则和法律（“犯罪心理学”，日期不详）。 这些理论还试图解释如何处理和预防这些趋势。
在犯罪学中，多年来的研究不断涌现出各种理论，它们被单独或结合起来探索，以了解如何减少犯罪。 犯罪理论有很多种，但对于本文，将探讨以下主要理论，其中包括： 理性选择理论、心理学理论、生态理论、社会学习理论、应变理论和社会控制理论。
理性选择理论解释了人们如何在权衡被抓住的选择与收益后更倾向于根据自身利益行事，这可能导致他们犯罪（Loughran、Paternoster、Chalfin & Wilson，2016 年）。
The psychological theory, on the other hand, emerged after the finding that an IQ difference of eight points between a criminal and a noncriminal. 犯罪理论essay代写
Although the difference is not noticeable, it is significant enough to make those with higher IQ to be more impulsive and vulnerable to committing unethical acts (“Criminal Justice,” n.d.).
The ecological theory is borrowed from the sociological perspectives on human beings and first emerged in the 1920’s at the University of Chicago. The theory associates criminal activities to the ecological environment where a person grew in. This means that the tendencies to crime can be shaped by how a human interacts with the environment. The Social learning theory also suggests that besides environment, people learn criminal behaviors from their peers.
In the normal functioning of the society, all individuals have similar life aspirations, but different opportunities to achieve them. The same society holds certain expectations for individuals. The Strain theory explains how people try to achieve success through crime (May, Keith, Rader & Dunaway, 2015). The reason for this inclination is the society expectations and the scarce opportunities available to achieve personal aspirations.
Last, the Social control theory explains that in the absence of social controls through various bodies, most people are likely to commit a crime. These institutions include schools, churches, and other social groups.
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另一方面，心理学理论是在发现罪犯和非罪犯之间的智商相差八分之后出现的。犯罪理论essay代写
尽管差异并不明显，但足以使智商较高的人变得更加冲动且容易犯下不道德的行为（“刑事司法”，未注明日期）。
生态理论是从人类社会学的角度借来的，最早出现于 1920 年代的芝加哥大学。该理论将犯罪活动与人成长的生态环境联系起来。这意味着犯罪倾向可以通过人类与环境的互动方式来塑造。社会学习理论还表明，除了环境之外，人们还会从同龄人那里学习犯罪行为。
在社会的正常运作中，每个人都有相似的人生愿望，但实现这些愿望的机会却不同。同一个社会对个人抱有一定的期望。应变理论解释了人们如何试图通过犯罪取得成功（May、Keith、Rader 和 Dunaway，2015 年）。这种倾向的原因是社会期望和实现个人愿望的稀缺机会。
最后，社会控制理论解释说，在没有通过各种机构进行社会控制的情况下，大多数人都有可能犯罪。这些机构包括学校、教堂和其他社会团体。
References 犯罪理论essay代写
Criminal Psychology. (n.d). Criminal Behavior. Retrieved from http://www.e-criminalpsychology.com/criminal-behavior/
Criminal Justice. (n.d). Psychological Theories of Crime: Criminology Theories. IResearchNet. Retrieved from http://criminal-justice.iresearchnet.com/criminology/theories/psychological-theories-of-crime/
Loughran, T., Paternoster, R., Chalfin, A., & Wilson, T. (2016). Can a rational choice be considered a general theory of crime? Evidence from Individual-Level Panel Data. Criminology, 54(1), 86-112. doi: 10.1111/1745-9125.12097
May, D., Keith, S., Rader, N., & Dunaway, R. (2015). Predicting Adolescent Fear of Crime Through the Lens of General Strain Theory. Sociological Focus, 48(2), 172-189. doi: 10.1080/00380237.2015.1007435
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